During a vitrectomy, the vitreous humor is temporarily replaced with other substances, often air or other gases with a completely different refractive index | For something much more thorough and technical, see Poynton's excellent Color FAQ at TL;DR: The frequency of a light wave does not change from medium to medium while the speed of light and thus wavelength does |
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Probably is the best starting point |
By knowing the frequency of an EM wave you know it's color in any medium.
23However, I do offer one obvious experiment in favour of frequency rather than wavelength | is defined by the eye, and only indirectly from physical properties like wavelength and frequency |
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does it mention drastic changes in colour perception as one of the temporary side effects |